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What Is a Hernia?

July 22, 2026

Understanding a Common Condition with Dr. Viktor Fedorov

A hernia is a defect in the abdomen. Depending on the area, the organ or tissue pushes through a weakened area in the surrounding muscle or connective tissue. This often creates a noticeable bulge beneath the skin and can cause discomfort, pressure, or pain; especially during lifting, coughing, bending, or physical activity.

Dr. Viktor Fedorov, General Surgeon at Onslow Surgical Clinic shares some signs and symptoms and as well as how to treat the hernia and return to normal activities with improved comfort and quality of life.

Signs and Symptoms

Symptoms can vary depending on the type and size of the hernia. Common signs include:

  • A visible bulge or swelling
  • Discomfort or pain when lifting or straining
  • A feeling of heaviness or pressure
  • Burning or aching sensations
  • Symptoms that worsen throughout the day or with activity

Hiatal hernias may also cause heartburn, acid reflux, or difficulty swallowing.

When to Seek Medical Care

Not all hernias require immediate surgery, but they should still be evaluated by a healthcare provider. Hernias do not heal on their own, and in many cases, they gradually enlarge over time.

A serious complication can occur if tissue becomes trapped, or “strangulated,” cutting off blood flow. Symptoms of a medical emergency may include:

  • Severe pain
  • Nausea or vomiting
  • Redness or discoloration around the bulge
  • Fever
  • A hernia that cannot be pushed back in

Treatment Options

Treatment depends on the severity of the hernia, the size of the hernia, symptoms, and the overall health of the patient. Many hernias are repaired surgically either via a minimally invasive technique or left untreated may require an emergent surgery that may require an open and larger operation to prevent strangulation and/or choking off.

Today, many hernia repairs can be performed using minimally invasive techniques, which may result in:

  • Smaller incisions
  • Less pain after surgery
  • Faster recovery
  • Quicker return to normal activities

A general surgeon can help determine the best treatment approach for each individual patient.

If you are experiencing hernia symptoms, talk to your primary care provider about a referral to Onslow Surgical Clinic.

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